Which function of radar systems is vital for detecting an object's position?

B. Ranging is the correct choice because it directly relates to determining how far away an object is from the radar system. This function works by measuring the time it takes for a radar signal to travel to the object and back. By calculating the round-trip time and knowing the speed of the radar waves (typically the speed of light), the system can accurately gauge the distance to the target. This positional information is crucial for various applications, including navigation, tracking, and surveillance.

In contrast, while signal amplification enhances the received signals to improve detection capabilities, it does not provide direct information about the position of an object itself. Frequency shifting may be involved in distinguishing between different objects or tracking their speed, but it does not measure distance. Data encryption is essential for securing communication and data transmission but is not relevant to the core function of detecting an object’s position in radar operations.